April 13 1556 – 3 Iyar 5316
Portuguese conversos who had returned to their faith in Ancona, Italy were burnt at the stake. In an attempt to prevent their execution, Donna Gracia Mendes Nasi and her nephew, Joseph Nasi, organized a boycott of the port by Jewish merchants throughout Europe and the Ottoman empire. Although the boycott soon crumbled due to disagreements among the various communities involved, and failed to save the condemned Jews in Ancona, it marks the first attempt at international Jewish cooperation and solidarity in the modern period.