5 Tishrei 5548 – September 17 1787
Philadelphia
The United States Constitution was signed by delegates representing the thirteen former American colonies, binding them together into a loose confederation while each remained an independent state. With no authority to levy taxes, the confederation was perhaps most important for the freedoms defined by its constitution. Four months of intense wrangling in committee preceded the historic signing, with discussions conducted behind closed doors to prevent delegates’ being subjected to undue pressure. With its additional ten amendments, the U.S. Constitution enshrined America as a haven for persecuted refugees, making it the destination of choice for czarist Russia’s long-suffering Jewish population.