5 Tishrei 5699 – September 30 1938
London
British prime minister Neville Chamberlain delivered a national radio address after signing the Munich Agreement, in which Western Europe gave in to Hitler’s demands and allowed him to annex the Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia. Chamberlain claimed he’d managed to avert world war, achieving “peace in our time,” an expression now synonymous with craven submission to the Nazi dictator. Winston Churchill wrote earlier in the month to Lord Moyne, “we seem to be very near the bleak choice between War and Shame. My feeling is that we shall choose Shame, and then have War thrown in a little later on even more adverse terms than at present.”